Transformer.



Patented N0v.1,1910.

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I MAX [Vl/YER MAW/@WQ EY ATTY M. MAYER. TRANSFOBMER. APPLIOATION FILED MAY 3, 1909.

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Patented Nov.`1,191o.

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I UNITED s'rArEs PATENT oEEioE.

MAX MAYER, OF PANKOW, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TRANSFORMER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 3, 1909. Serial No. 493.533.'

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I. MAX lvLxYEn, subject of the 'King of WTirtemberg, residing at Pankow, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Transformers, of which the following is a speciiication.

My invention relates to transformers. and has for its object an improvement in the me chanical details of their construction.

Transformers which are constructed with substantially at or disk-shaped coils frequently have the coils spaced apart by suitable spacing membersv to prevent a breakdown in the insulation. Such spacing members are also arranged as much as possible to provide 'for the circulation of air or cooling oil between and around the coils. ln the past it has been the custom to make such spacing members by attaching pieces of insulation, which may be made of several layers of insulating material. to an insulating band placed between the coils, or toa special insulating ring. This method was costly, and it required care and time to build up these spacing blocks and rings. When a special ringof insulating material is employed, it must be of substantially the same radius as the coils` so that waste occurs in the manufacture of such rings.

One of the objects of my invention is to cheapen the construction of such insulating blocks, and I accomplish this by constructing blocks substantially oblong in shape, and' putting a plurality of blocks between adja cent coils with their ends extending beyond the edges of the coils. These ends have suitable holes formed in them and extending through the holes across the edges of the coils I use rods which may be made of an insulating material, such as woodyor may be made of metal well insulated, extending across the edges of the coils. These rods hold the outer ends of the blocks in place, the inner ends heilig held by the friction between the blocks and the coils. A further advantage in the use of such rods is that if for any reason the conductors of one of the coils should break, it is prevented from making contact with the non-insulated parts of the transformer frame or casing.

Another object of my invention is to improve the former methods of holding the coils rigidly when they are subjected. as they frequently are, to ystresses under the action of the impulses which are caused by the current flowing through them. It is well known that-in many cases, when large currcnts lou'in the coils, the coils become subject to great distorting iniiuenees, and must be held rigidly to prevent distortion. I ac complish this object of my invention by the employment of heavy end-pieces adjacent to the end coils on the several legs of the core held together by bolts fastened through Patented Nov. 1 1910.-

them. and also held -from longitudinal movef ment of heavy plates which extend parallel to thc end members of the core, and are bolted thereto, and extend beyond the legs of the core. so as to make even and large bearing surfaces against the end-plates.

For a further understanding of my invention, reference may be had to the accompanying drawings, where- Figure 1 is a side view of a transformer built in accordance with my invention; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a portion of the transformer; Fig. 3 isa top view of a detail; and Fig. L is a perspective view showing a portion of the transformer.

Referring first to Fig. l, which shows a core-type transformer with two legs, 1 are the legs of the core, 2 the coils surrounding the legs, and 3. shown in dotted lines in Fig. l and in full in Fig. 4t are the endpieces of the cores The coils are shown as grouped in pairs, disks of insulation 4 being between adjacent coils. Between adjacent pairs of coils are blocks of insulating material 5. These blocks are substantially obiong in form, and are placed so that their ends extend beyond the edges of the coils. llihey are shown as formed of a plurality of layers of insulating material, and are formed with suitable holes which are shown as dovetailed in section in their outer ends. The blocks are arranged so as to have spaces be tween them, and thus permit of a free circulation of a cooling medium between the coils.

Passing through the holes or dovetails are insulating members 6, which extend across the edges of the coils,that is substantially at rightangles to the planes of the coils. Adjacent to the end-coils are shown endplates 7. Referring to Fig. these endplates are shown as havingl holes Q and as not forming a complete circle, but. having a slot 9 to prevent circulation of eddy currents in the plates. Passing through the holes llO are bolts 10, which have nuts 11 in conjunction with them for holding the end-plates together, and thus firmly holding the coils to prevent distortion of the coils. The plates are also held against longitudinal movement by means of heavy plates 12, which are shown as being on either side of the endmembers of the core and extending beyond the legs of the core so as to give a good bear ing surface between them and the end-plates. Plates 12 are shown as bolted together by suitable bolts 13 passingthrough end-members of the core. Plates 12 are shown as insulated from end-members 7 by suitable insulation 14, and bolts 10 are also suitably insulated from end-plates 7 to prevent the circulation of eddy currents.

Thile I have shown my invention as applied to a core-type of transformer with two legs, it is obvious that it may be applied to a transformer having a different number of legs. It will also be obvious that while I have shown the coils as arranged in pairs with blocks of insulation between pairs of coils, that if desired these blocks may be placed so as to separate individual coils, or may be arranged in any way desired, Without departing from the spirit of my invention. Therefore, while I have shown my invention as applied in a certain manner to a special type of transformer, I do not limit myself to any specific manner of application or form of construction, but seek in the appended claims to cover all such forms of construction. as will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and will not depart from the spirit of my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,-

1. The combination in a transformer, of a core having legs and end-members, coils surrounding the core legs, blocks of insulating material between and extending beyond the edges of adjacent coils, rods extending across the edges of the coils holding the ends of the blocks, end-plates surrounding the core legs adjacent to the end-coils, and plates fastened to the end members of the core preventing movement of the end-plates.

j 2. The combination in a core-type transformer having a plurality of legs, of coils surrounding the legs, substantially oblong blocks of insulating material between adjacent cous extending beyond the edges of the coils having holes in their outer ends, rods of insulating material passing through the holes across the edges of the coils on the core-legs, end-plates adjacent to the endcoils, bolts fastening the end-plates on the same leg together, and plates fastened to the end-core members extending beyond the core legs holding together the end-plates.

3. In combination, a plurality of coils, an insulation therefor consisting of a plurality of insulating blocks between and extending beyond the edges of sulating members extending across the edges of the coils holding the ends of the blocks.

et. In combination, a plurality of coils, an insulation therefor comprising blocks formed of layers of insulating material between and extending beyond the edges of adjacent coils, and insulating members extending across the edges of the coils holding the ends of the blocks.

5. 'In combination, a plurality of coils insulated from each other by a plurality of substantially oblong blocks placed between adjacent coils separated by spaces from each other with ends having holes therein extending beyond the edges of the coils, and insulating members passing through the holes extending across the edges of the coils.

G. The combination in a core-type of transformer of a core, coils surrounding the adjacent coils, and in.

legs of the core, end-plates adjacent to the external coils and plates rigidly fastened to the core preventing movement of the endplates.

7. The combination in a core-type transformer of a core, coils surrounding the legs of said core, end-plates adjacent to the external coils, bolts holding together the endplates on the same core leg and plates on either side of the end-members of the core bolted together by bolts passing through the core extending beyond the core legs holding the end-plate from longitudinal movement.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 16th day of April, 1909.

MAX MAYER.

lVitnesses RICHERT NEUMANN, GEORG STERN. 

